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| Building Up Tests in English |
Tests in Education
Background
Ancient China was the first country in the world that
implemented a nationwide standardized test, which was called the imperial examination.
The main purpose of this examination was to select for able candidates for
specific governmental positions.[4] The imperial examination was
established by the Sui Dynasty at
605 AD
and was later abolished by the Qing Dynasty 1300 years later at 1905.
England had adopted this examination system in 1806 to select for specific
candidates for positions in Her
Majesty's Civil Service. This examination system was later applied
to education and it started to influence other parts of the world as it became
a prominent standard (e.g. regulations to prevent the markers from knowing the
identity of candidates), of delivering standardized tests.
Some countries such as the United Kingdom
and France require all their secondary school students to take a standardized
test on individual subjects such as the General
Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) and Baccalauréat respectively as a requirement
for graduation.[5] These tests are used primarily to
assess a student's proficiency in specific subjects such as mathematics, science,
or literature. In contrasts, high school students in other countries such as
the United States may not be required to take a standardized test to graduate.
Moreover, students in these countries usually take standardized tests only to
apply for a position in a university program and are typically given the option
of taking different standardized tests such as the ACT or SAT,
which are used primarily to measure a student's reasoning skill.[6][7] High school students in the
United States may also take Advanced Placement
tests on specific subjects to fulfill university-level credit. Depending on the
policies of the test maker or country, administration of standardized tests may
be done in a large hall, classroom, or testing center. A proctor or invigilator
may also be present during the testing period to provide instructions, to
answer questions, or to prevent cheating.
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